Inside your car's cabin, the steering column is the key link that transfers the turning motion from your steering wheel to the steering gear, which then turns the wheels. Together with the other parts in the steering system, the steering column allows you to turn your vehicle in the intended direction. If you're experiencing problems with steering, there may be an issue with the steering column, and it should be checked out and repaired or replaced if necessary. This guide will cover what steering columns are, the signs of a faulty one, and how to select the right replacement.

What Steering Columns Do

The steering column is a shaft that connects your steering wheel to the steering rack or gearbox. It's not just a straight pipe; it features flexible joints that allow for angle adjustments. The column's main job is to transfer your steering input, but it also serves as a mounting place for things like your turn signal lever, ignition switch, and windshield wiper controls.

Steering Column Components

・Steering Wheel: This is the wheel the driver turns to control the vehicle's direction.
・Steering Shaft: The main shaft that connects the steering wheel to the steering gear.
・Column Tube or Shroud: The housing for the steering shaft, which is often adjustable.
・Universal Joints (U-joints): Flexible connections on the shaft that allow it to connect the steering wheel to the steering gear at an angle.
・Mounting Brackets: These are used to mount and secure the steering column to the vehicle's body.
・Locking Mechanisms: These fix the column in place after tilting or telescoping.
・Collapsible Sections: For safety, steering columns are designed to collapse during a front-end collision. This helps prevent the column from harming the driver in an accident.

Maintenance

While the steering column itself has very few maintenance items, you should keep an eye on the whole steering system. Check your power steering fluid level regularly and look for any leaks from the hoses or steering rack. If you hear odd noises or feel extra play in the steering wheel, it's best to have a mechanic check it out, as the problem could be the column's U-joints or another part of the system.

Symptoms of Failing Steering Columns

Over time, the steering column can suffer from wear and tear, be damaged in collisions or by corrosion, or fail due to manufacturing defects. Be on the lookout for the following signs of a steering column that has gone bad.

Clinking or Clunking Noises

The steering column might make clinking or clunking noises when the steering wheel is turned. These issues are usually caused by worn bearings or U-joints.

Shaking in the Steering Wheel

If the steering wheel is shaking, there might be misaligned parts, loose connections, or binding joints.

Off-Center Steering Wheel

If your steering wheel isn't straight when you're driving straight, it could mean the column was installed incorrectly or there's an issue with your car's wheel alignment. While drifting to one side is usually caused by alignment or tire issues, a faulty column could make the steering feel strange or disconnected.

Steering is Hard to Control

Looseness or binding in the steering column can result in difficult steering. It's recommended that you address this issue as soon as possible, as it poses a significant safety hazard.

Hard to Adjust Position

You might be unable to tilt or telescope the steering column or lock it in place. This might be caused by faulty adjustment or locking mechanisms.

How to Choose the Right Steering Column

When choosing a steering column, make sure it's made from high-quality materials and built to high standards.

Aftermarket or OEM

Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) steering columns are made by either the car brand itself or its authorized manufacturers, whereas aftermarket units are made by third-party manufacturers. We recommend investing in an OEM steering column to restore your car's performance. Due to the more stringent manufacturing standards, you'll likely get more use out of an OEM replacement. Also, keep in mind that installing aftermarket units may void your vehicle's warranty.

Vehicle Compatibility

It's essential to ensure the steering column you're getting is compatible with your vehicle. The best way to get the right part is by using your car's Vehicle Identification Number (VIN). Your VIN provides the exact model, year, and options your car came with, which allows you to find the correct part number for the steering column you need.

Installation Considerations

The steering column is a tricky part to install and requires significant time and skill. If you're not experienced or careful, you could damage expensive and hard-to-find parts. Because of this, we recommend leaving the task to a professional.

If you plan to do it yourself, you'll need the right tools. Safety first: always disconnect the negative battery cable and wait at least 15 minutes. This is to disable the airbag and let its backup power drain. Before you unbolt anything, make sure your front wheels are pointed straight and lock your steering wheel in place so it can't turn. This protects a sensitive part called the clockspring that connects the electronics. After removing the trim panels, you'll unhook the electrical connectors, unbolt the steering coupler, and remove the main bolts that hold the column to the dash.

To install your new column, line it up inside the coupler and fasten it to the dash. Repeat the removal steps in reverse, making sure all connections and fasteners are secure. Finally, reconnect the battery.

Where to Buy Quality New & Used Steering Columns

Brand-new steering columns can be found at various trusted auto parts dealers. For used OEM steering columns in excellent condition and at great prices, shop here with BE FORWARD Auto Parts.