Also known as a transmission control unit or transmission control module, the transmission computer is a device that works alongside the engine and the transmission to facilitate smooth gear changing and, ultimately, to ensure a good drive experience. Without a properly working transmission computer, you might not only be in for a less-than-pleasurable journey but there might also be additional strain placed on the gears, leading to premature wear and tear. It's essential to keep your transmission computer in good working condition, so keep reading on to learn more about transmission computers, how to maintain them, and when to get yours replaced.

What Transmission Computers Do

Transmission computers promote a pleasant drive by acting as a link between the engine and the transmission and calculating the optimal time for gear shifting. Additionally, transmission computers also monitor the transmission and send codes to your vehicle's main computer when it detects any issues. In turn, the computer turns the check engine light on, prompting you to get your vehicle checked out.

Types of Transmission Computers

The type of transmission computer and its role in your vehicle are determined by the kind of transmission equipped.

Automatic

In an automatic transmission, the transmission computer controls various functions and levels, such as oil pressure and valve timing, as well as the electronic solenoids used to operate multi-plate clutches. Additionally, the transmission computer can lock the torque converters up to reduce slipping and allow drivers to select different driving modes.

Manual

Because manual transmissions rely on the driver's input for gear selection and clutch engagement, these typically do not and do not need to feature a transmission computer.

Automated Manual Transmission (AMT)

While similar to a manual transmission, automated manual transmissions don't feature a clutch pedal. The tasks of operating the clutch and shifting gears are assigned to actuators, which are controlled by the transmission computer that comes pre-programmed with gear shift patterns.

Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT)

In a CVT, the transmission computer receives inputs like throttle position, engine speed, and vehicle speed to control pulleys and adjust the gear ratio to the optimal level for the current drive conditions.

Dual or Twin Clutch Transmission

With a dual-clutch transmission, the transmission computer changes gears sequentially and carries out block changes between odd and even gear sets for fast gear shifting.

Maintenance and Prevention

To maintain your transmission computer, you can inspect it at regular intervals for wear, damage, or corrosion; ensure that your vehicle doesn't overheat since heat can damage the computer; and finally, maintain proper transmission fluid levels.

When to Replace Your Failing Transmission Computers

When your vehicle's transmission computer begins to fail, you may need to get it replaced. The following are some symptoms of a failing transmission computer.

Slow Acceleration

It might take longer than usual for your vehicle to accelerate, indicating that the transmission computer is not correctly determining the optimal time for gear shifting.

Gear Slippage

If your vehicle's gears are slipping, the transmission computer might be shifting gears unnecessarily or at the wrong time.

Unable to Shift or Delayed Shifting

When the gears are unable to shift or are shifting with a delay, the transmission computer might be to blame.

Poor Fuel Economy

Since the transmission computer is programmed to shift gears at the optimal time for good acceleration, deceleration, and fuel economy, a drop in fuel economy might point toward a transmission computer that's not working well.

How to Choose the Right Transmission Computer

Aftermarket or OEM

Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) transmission computers are those made by either the car brand itself or its authorized manufacturers, whereas aftermarket units are made by third-party manufacturers.

We recommend investing in OEM transmission computers to return your vehicle to its original level of performance. Because of the more stringent levels of manufacturing, you'll likely get more use out of an OEM replacement. Not to mention, aftermarket units may void your vehicle's warranty.

Vehicle Compatibility

When getting a replacement transmission computer, you should choose one that matches your vehicle to ensure an accurate fit and original level of performance. Wherever you are purchasing yours from, select one with the same make, model, and model year.

Installation Considerations

If you suspect that there is an issue with the transmission computer, we recommend first getting a diagnosis from a trusted automobile professional to rule out any other issues. Once you've determined that you need a new transmission computer and made your replacement purchase, you can then go about replacing your current one. Bear in mind that reprogramming the replacement transmission computer will require special equipment and software that might be pricey. For this reason, you might want to leave the task to a professional with the proper setup. If you do have access to these, you can follow the steps below:

First, locate the existing transmission computer. It might be in the engine bay, inside the dashboard, or even inside the powertrain control module near the battery. (The location of the TCU can vary by vehicle, and it's always best to consult the vehicle's manual for exact placement.) Then, disconnect the battery. You can then access the transmission computer and remove it by undoing some screws and bolts. Install the replacement and fasten the same screws and bolts, reconnect the battery, and reprogram the new transmission computer using the tools and software provided by your vehicle's manufacturer.

Where to Buy Quality New & Used Transmission Computers

Brand-new transmission computers can be found at various trusted auto parts dealers. If you're looking for a more affordable alternative, opt for a used transmission computer in excellent condition and available at a great price here at BE FORWARD Auto Parts.